绝色逆天召唤师
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野 山 清 凉 2009年 6月26日至6月28日，我们一行六人在向导蔡胜民的协作下，完成大别山霍山龙井河1号线局部、广家河2号线全程和狼牙谷3号线大半程的徒步穿越，观瀑嬉水。 喜欢行走，是因为心向林泉。如果你的骨子里刻满了随性与浪漫，那这个世界就无所谓城市与荒原。 2009.6.26，凌晨四点，我们一行六人驱车来到大别山堆谷山村。小憩两个小时，醒来就开始摘向导老蔡家的桃子充饥。 我和老蔡商量了一下行程，酷暑难耐，此行主要去水区。略去1号线无瀑布的地区，必要走完2号线，也就是强度难度最大的广家河瀑布区，3号线主要安排腐败项目。上图红线部分就是广家河线，线路内有11道瀑布，依次为玲珑瀑、贴心瀑、老虎夹瀑、珍珠瀑、万字瀑、彩虹瀑、三道崖瀑、黄崖瀑、飞天瀑、美女献秘瀑和老牛撒尿瀑。返程途经神龙首瀑和龙王樽瀑，再插入1号线看鲤鱼跳龙门瀑，经24道弯回堆谷山村。蓝线是3号线，狼牙谷线，相对强度较低，适宜嬉水。([]
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王淑惠Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
足控福利白丝流水
赖宏达圣淘沙内巨大的鱼尾狮像东南亚首个环球影城主公园位于圣淘沙的亚洲大陆最南端志 在新加坡（Singapore）旅行，圣淘沙是旅人必去的胜景之所。 圣淘沙（Sentosa）原名死亡岛，因为那里以前发生过一场瘟疫，只有极少数的人活下来，后来某位王子在那儿建了一座宫殿，人们又渐渐的回到了岛上，并取名：圣淘沙。 圣陶沙（意思是平静而安详），位于新加坡本岛以南500米处，东西长4公里，南北宽1.6公里，面积为3.47平方公里，是新加坡本岛以外的第三大岛。圣淘沙有鱼尾狮塔、新加坡海底世界、iFly新加坡、Tiger摩天塔、4D魔幻剧院等30多个游乐项目，被誉为“亚洲最受喜爱的乐园”。 主要景点是海事博物馆与水族馆、购物廊、圣淘沙奇幻欢乐港、斜坡滑车及空中吊椅、新加坡海底世界、西乐索海滩、巴拉湾海滩、丹戎海滩等。高耸的椰树，随风婆娑；稀稀落落的茅亭，更增添沙滩的南洋风情。 巴拉湾海滩最引人入胜的景点是横跨巴拉湾海面连接一方小岛的吊桥。吊桥的另一端是亚洲大陆的最南端，亦是亚洲最接近赤道的地方。踏过吊桥到亚洲大陆极南点可以眺望美丽的南中国海。 圣淘沙有东南亚首个环球影城主公园、世界尊尚品牌的购物体验、有四家奢华酒店以及被新加坡称之为“娱乐场”的赌场。在环球影城中，太空堡垒双轨过山车、木乃伊复仇记室内过山车、未来水世界、史瑞克4D电影是必玩的项目。 进圣淘沙岛，有4种方式可供选择：第一，步行圣淘沙跨海步行道，收费每人1新元（1新币相当于约5元人民币）；第二，乘坐圣淘沙捷运，在怡丰城（VivoCity）三楼的捷运站换乘，来回每人3新元；第三，乘坐巴士，乘坐公车并在怡丰城下车，再搭乘RWS8公车前往，来回每人2新元；第四，乘坐缆车，缆车进入圣淘沙有两个站，一个在花柏山，另外一个在怡丰城旁边的缆车中心，成人来回26新元。 漫步新加坡，清新的空气、干净的环境，让人不能不徒步。我选择的是先到徒步花柏山，然后又下山，在怡丰城排队购票，进入，乘乘坐圣淘沙捷运进岛，在岛上多是徒步，偶尔乘坐轻轨或巴士（都是免费的），然后步行离开小岛。感受新加坡之一——漫步岛国看狮城 干净清新亦繁华（概述篇） https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2172957-1-1.html感受新加坡之三——参天巨树生满园热带风情绿无限（植物园篇）https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2231866&page=1&extra=#pid53500784感受新加坡之四——绿意充盈总统府世外桃源乌敏岛（总统府和乌敏岛篇）https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2253589&page=1&extra=#pid55203314感受新加坡之五——海风轻拂鱼尾狮 流光溢彩夜迟迟（滨海湾篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2255988-1-1.html感受新加坡之六——狮城国花胡姬花千姿百态芬芳开（胡姬花篇）https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2299743&page=1&extra=#pid58352540感受新加坡之七——小印度里寻缩影甘榜格南回族情（新加坡河等篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2322447-1-1.html感受新加坡之八——立体交通路纵横街道小区绿充盈（交通和街道篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2326625-1-1.html 感受新加坡之九——狮城春节气息浓牛车水里最喜庆（春节和牛车水篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2330106-1-1.html感受新加坡之十——方式灵活有初院 环境优美好校园（南初篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2344728-1-1.html感受新加坡之十一——享誉全球名高校 环境优雅美校园（南大篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2354269-1-1.html 圣淘沙在新加坡的位置 圣淘沙游览图 圣淘沙立体导览图 等待地铁前往花柏山 沿着茂密的大树中间道路，开始徒步向花柏山进发。 进入花柏山区，开始攀升。 在上山途中可看到通往圣淘沙的缆车和远处的海湾 在这样的环境中徒步很惬意了 在花柏山顶远眺新加坡市区 鲜艳的热带花卉 在新加坡随处可见苍天巨树 花柏山顶通往圣淘沙的缆车站 通往圣淘沙的缆车，我没有选择缆车而是继续徒步下山，乘捷运进岛。 圣淘沙的鱼尾狮塔 岛内各种盛开的花卉 用鲜花摆设的巨龙造型，毕竟华人在新加坡占大多数。 处处绿色，处处有树。 恐龙造型的花坛 乘坐岛内的手扶电梯上山 山顶巨大的热带植物 盛开的热带花卉 用花卉摆成的心形图案 在山顶依然可看见鱼尾狮塔的顶部 远眺海拔1800米的“云顶世界”，这里也是世界最高的赌博城，吃喝玩乐应有尽有。外国人凭护照免费进入，新加坡人进入门票是100新币，相当于500元人民币（新加坡不提倡本国人参与赌博，所以对本国人收票且很高）。 休憩的印度青年 万象新加坡入口处 川流不息的各国游客 万象新加坡蜡像馆，进入万象馆首先是在小影院观看短片，了解新加坡简史，着重介绍了马来人、华人、印度人和欧洲裔后人在这个国家生存和融合的景象，突出宣扬了新加坡作为海洋航运和金融贸易之都热爱八面来风的和平理念。充分利用蜡像惟妙惟肖、栩栩如生的艺术表现特点，重现了新加坡的马来渊源、英属殖民、日倭侵略、新马合并、共和自治、繁荣发展的历史。 娱乐、嬉戏的幼童。([]
一及牲感午夜片
沈长行我与好玩就行，大牦牛三人结束了尼泊尔14天的旅行，包车进入印度。 小小的边检站，一不小心就过去了。走了一段，感觉有点不对。好玩就行去打听了一下，才知道，我们已经走过了！赶快回头，要不被发现，把我们当偷越国境可就麻烦了，这可是在印度啊。 返回来才看见这个地方。 在办理入境手续时，检查人员拿着我们的相机翻来覆去的看了好一会，看得我们有点紧张，担心他们刁难。看看他们的表情是乎又不像。不一会才知道，他们还没有见过我们这一类相机，觉得新鲜.好奇。 又过了一会，他们其中一人，拉着我的同伴到一边，轻轻说了一下，哦！是要小费。最后我们一人给了一美元，顺利放行。 进到印度，第一感觉就是，大街上悠闲走的牛。牠们慢慢吞吞，优哉游哉地到处走，没有一个人理会牠们。 此刻。已经感到肚子饿了，进了路边一家小食店，看到这一排很没有看样的食品与环境，食欲大减。 店老板往锅里放一些我们也不知道的调料 当地人对我们到来的好奇，一切都写在脸上。想想也是，就他们见多识广的边防检查人员都对我们好奇，别说他们了...... 奶茶 我们要驾驶员帮找一处恒河边上的旅馆。所以，他就把我们带到这个地方。 穿过了几个小巷道，突然一片鲜艳的色块跳入眼帘，定眼一看，哇！一群有说有笑的妇人坐在那里乘凉。顿时这个脏乱的小巷明亮起来。 驾驶员把我们带到一家看似还可以的旅馆。办完手续走进去，慢慢觉得有点不对劲。四层楼的房子，空空荡荡，看不到一个人。走进房间，老板指着窗子告诉我们，下面就是恒河。我看窗子紧紧关着，打开窗子，看到下面.......这...这...就是恒河！ 沿着河边往岸上看，啊.....我要晕了，下面一堆堆正在烧的.....那不是我在尼泊尔见到的烧尸吗！离我们那么近，就在我们楼下。虽然我见到过这样的场景，在藏区近距离地拍过天葬，但此时的感觉非常不好。下面烧尸的嚓嚓声，清清楚楚的就在你面前响，晚上怎么睡觉！！！ 正在烧尸的火堆。 死者的亲人在江中祈祷 晚上，楼下更加热闹了。烧尸的火烟，往我们窗子钻，我们只有紧紧关着窗子，走上楼顶观看。好玩就行这家伙还喝着啤酒，一边喝，一边看，他倒是挺淡定的。 我数了下面的火堆，一共十堆。 火焰慢慢散去，喧闹的恒河平静下来了。 我睡在床上，心，怎么也平静不下来。楼下的情景总是在眼前晃来晃去，总感觉自己就睡在火堆旁边....... 最后，自己都说不清这一夜是怎么熬过去的。 这就是我进印度的第一天。 恒 河 晨 曲 恒河，是印度文明的摇篮。作为印度第一大河，它发源于喜马拉雅山脉，全长2700多公里，中、上游有2100多公里在印度境内，下游500公里在孟加拉国。 恒河是印度的圣河，历史悠久，有着浓厚的民俗和文化色彩，即使经过千年的文明洗礼，恒河两岸的人们仍然保持着古老的习俗。许多自古流传的神话，使印度人民对恒河母亲生起无限的怀想，烙下一个不可磨灭的情结。这一生中至少要在恒河中沐浴一次，让圣河洗净生生世世所有的罪业。 在印度，大多数印度教信徒终生怀有4大乐趣：敬仰湿婆神、到恒河洗圣水澡并饮用恒河圣水、结交圣人朋友和居住在瓦拉纳西圣城。 到印度，我们最大的兴趣就是到恒河，拍摄那里的风光.人文景象。我们在那里住了三天，早出晚归地穿梭在恒河与千年古城《瓦拉纳西》之间，感受那里奇特的民俗风情，自然风光 进印度的第一天，在烧尸现场住了一个晚上。第二天一大早，天还没有亮，赶快收拾行李闪人。 在船夫的带领下，乘着夜色，坐上了划向恒河中心的小船，拍摄恒河岸边的景色。 对着即将升起的太阳祈祷 太阳升起时的宗教仪式 恒河，新的一天开始了。 11111 2222 3333 把鲜花放进小罐里，打满恒河水，面向太阳祈祷，然后把罐里的水.花一起倒进恒河。 4444 5555 66666 7777 666666([]
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洪倩珠第86页新添多张可可西里的花草。2009年10月有幸参加一次科考活动，连续穿越我国四大无人区中的可可西里、阿尔金山和罗布泊这三大无人区。在此只是对这片人迹罕至的山川风貌的作些介绍,将穿越中的一些花絮与大家分享。 本次活动行程分三段 一、穿越可可西里 时间：10月2日~ 10月7日 计划穿越路线： 青海格尔木—昆仑山口—不冻泉—索达南杰保护站—库赛湖—卓乃湖—可可西里湖—太阳湖—巍雪山—新疆鲸鱼湖 因可可西里的沼泽陷车，穿越失败，被迫返回格尔木 实际穿越路线： 格尔木—昆仑山口—不冻泉—索达南杰保护站—库赛湖—卓乃湖—昆仑山口—格尔木—乌图美仁—老茫崖—花土沟—新疆石棉矿 二、穿越阿尔金山 时间：10月8日~10月14日 计划穿越路线： 鲸鱼湖—阿其克库勒湖-金矿路口-阿雅克库木湖—黑熊山--依协克帕提中心站—卡尔冬草原--卡尔冬保护站—新达坂--吞布拉克镇—若羌—库尔勒 实际穿越路线： 石棉矿—玉树圃保护站—阿其克库勒湖—鲸鱼湖—阿其克库勒湖—玉树圃保护站—鸭子泉—风尘口达坂—阿雅克库木湖—依协克帕提中心站—库木库里沙山—沙子泉—新达坂—依吞布拉克镇—若羌—库尔勒 三、穿越罗布泊 纵横南北、东西两次穿越， 第一次穿越： 时间：9月1日~9月5日 路线：吐鲁番—火焰山—高昌故城—迪坎儿—龙城雅丹—余纯顺墓—湖心—盐湖—楼兰保护站—穿核污染区—旧机场—原子弹爆炸指挥中心—太阳墓地—老开屏—35团—尉犁—库尔勒 第二次穿越路线： 时间：10月17日~10月23日 路线： 库尔勒—吐鲁番—哈密--甘肃柳园—敦煌—玉门关—三垄沙雅丹—金矿—野骆驼保护区—八一泉---库木塔格沙漠--怪石坡—彭加木失踪地—罗中镇—湖心—余纯顺墓—楼兰保护站—楼兰古城遗址---保护站---十字路口---36团—若羌—库尔勒 第一篇：可可西里梦断沼泽 因为大部分人员都没有网名，就由我来给各位起个名吧。 领队：罗布泊工匠，有丰富的高原户外经验， 队员： 老大：全队年纪最大，因调研需要年近60，仍奔波于在荒凉的无人区，其精神着实令人敬佩 蛋糕：个子最高，因出谜语，打一食品，“高个与矮个男人的最大区别”而命名 无波：很有男子气质而名之 法官：推理严谨但更以囊中黄段子闻名 企鹅：一件冲锋衣和抓绒衣打遍可可西里、阿尔金高原，常因寒冷缩成企鹅状 菜碟：小菜一碟，简称菜碟 小胖：可不是我起的名，这是他的爱称。全队的开心果 洙洙：资深美女 酥油花：资深美女 王师傅：1#车师傅，高原经验丰富 小卫师傅：2#车师傅兼厨师，活波幽默 苑师傅：给养车师傅 本人：一头梦中受野牦牛惊吓的老狼 羌塘、可可西里、阿尔金山和罗布泊无人区是中国也是世界上少有的成片无人区，是中外所有探险家向往的地方。四大无人区是我国4个面积最大的自然保护区，也是地球上人类少有涉足的极少地域之一。 以下为四大无人区之可可西里自然保护区简介 可可西里自然保护区是我国目前建立的面积最大，海拔最高，野生动物资源最为丰富的国家级自然保护区之一，被誉为“世界第三极”和青藏高原珍稀野生动物基因库。 可可西里自然保护区位于青海省西南部的玉树藏族自治州境内，东经89º25’～94˚05΄;，北纬34º19’～36º16。其范围为昆仑山脉以南，乌兰乌拉山以北，东起青藏公路，西迄省界。保护区西与西藏自治区相接，南同格尔木唐古拉乡毗邻，北和新疆维吾尔族自治区相连，东至青藏公路，总面积4.5万平方公里。 可可西里地处青藏高原腹地，平均海拔在4600米以上，最高峰为北缘昆仑山布喀达板峰(亦称新青峰或莫诺马哈峰)，海拔6860米；最低点在豹子峡(昆仑山南鹿红水河横穿博卡雷克拐弯处)，海拔4200米。区内地势南北高，中部低，西部高而东部低。可可西里山和冬布勒山横贯本区中部，山地间有两个宽谷湖盆带，地势较平坦。海拔5500米～6000米以上的山地，有现代冰川发育。如布喀达坂峰(6860)米，马兰山(6813)米，少数超过5600米的山峰也有小规模冰川分布，如东岗扎日(5882)米，冰川总面积达1700多平方公里。 可可西里是羌塘高原内流湖区和长江北源水系交汇地区。东部为楚玛河为主的长江北源水系，主要为雨水、地下水补给，水量较小，河流往往是季节性河流。西部和北部是以湖泊为中心的内流水系。区内湖泊众多，据统计，面积大于1平方公里的湖泊有107个，总面积3825平方公里，其中面积200平方公里以上的湖泊有7个。最大的为乌兰乌拉湖，湖水面积为544.5平方公里，是青海省第四大湖。可可西里湖泊大部分为咸水湖或半咸水湖，矿化度较高。 区内现代冰川广布，冰川总面积2000平方公里，著名的有布喀达坂冰帽冰川，马兰山冰川、岗扎日冰川等，是“中华水塔”的宝贵冰川。本地区有许多奇特的自然景观，如山谷冰川，地表冻丘、冻帐、石林、石环、多彩的高原湖泊，盐湖边盛开的朵朵“盐花”，以及现代冰川下热气蒸腾，水温高达91℃的沸泉群等，有机地组成了其他地区所不及的本区特有的地质资源。 本区气候特点是温度低、降水少、大风多、区域差异较大。境内年平均气温由东南向西北逐渐降低，在西金乌兰湖地区有一明显暖区，最暖区年均温为-4.10C，最冷为最西边的勒斜武担措，年均温为-10.00C(推算值)，最低气温-46.40C，其它地区均在两者之间。 可可西里地区年平均降水量分布趋势是由东南向西北逐渐减少。在173～495毫米之间。本区风大，是全国风速高值区之一，在风力较弱的季节。西金乌兰湖附近仍出现瞬时风速为24.0米/秒的大风(1990年7月9日16时47分)，年平均风速分布由东向西增大。区内的土壤类型简单，多为高山草甸土、高山草原土和高山寒漠土壤，其次为沼泽土，零星分布的有沼泽土、龟裂土、盐土、碱土和风沙土。土壤发育年轻。受冻融作用影响深刻。 区域内由于受到地理位置、地势高低、地形坡向及地表组成物质等各种水热条件分异因素的影响，自然景观自东南向西北呈现高寒草甸-高寒草原+高寒荒漠更替。其中高寒草原是主要类型。高寒冰缘植被也有较大面积的分布，高寒荒漠草原、高寒垫状植被和高寒荒漠有少量分布。高寒草甸、高寒沼泽仅分布在极个别的地区。可可西里地势高峻，空气稀薄，气压偏低，氧气稀薄，只有低海拔地区的一半，烧开水的沸点只有80多度，被称为“世界第三极”。自然环境严酷，气候恶劣，人类无法长期居住、生产和生活，因而保留了其原始的生态环境和独特的自然景观。 本区生物区系种类少，但青藏高原特有种比例大，且种群数量大。据多年观察，哺乳动物有29种，其中11种为青藏高原特有，鸟类53种，爬行类1种，鱼类6种。区内高等植物有102属，202种，其中青藏高原特有种84种，占全区种类的41.56%，其中属国家重点保护的一、二类野生动物就有20余种。包括大家熟知的野牦牛、藏羚羊、野驴、白唇鹿、棕熊等。本区的特有生物种类不但是我国的珍稀动植物，而且为世界上所嘱目，在学术上和自然保护上均十分重要. 以上资料择由《中国国家地理》杂志 2009年10月2日在青海省格尔木市休整一天，作高原适应并作连续穿越可可西里和阿尔金山两大无人区的准备，车子油箱全部加满油，给养车上的汽油和柴油备用油箱也全部加满，准备2桶50L的淡水，以及矿泉水若干箱，馕、面包等干粮，火腿肠、鸡爪等小吃，还有大米、面条，青菜以及宰杀好的两只羊。 格尔木地处青藏、青新、敦格公路和青藏铁路交汇处，为青海西部交通枢纽。南可通西藏，北可达甘肃河西走廊，西可去新疆，东可到省会西宁。是西藏通往祖国内地的重要中转站和物资集散地。 格尔木是蒙古语，意为“河流密集的地方”，地处青藏高原腹地，市区位于柴达木盆地中南部格尔木河冲积平原上，市区平均海拔2780米，全市人口27万，其中汉族人口占83%。 格尔木城雕 10月3日早上一切准备妥当，开始出发，可就在宾馆的停车场，给养的大车在倒车时刮到一旁的小车，保安费了好大劲，才找到车主，看到我们是新疆的车牌，提出要到西宁修理，光来回油费和耽误的时间就开口要1500元，连修理费一起要3000元。一番协商不下，把我们撩在宾馆等候，工匠他们到交警处理，巧的是处理的交警有亲戚是新疆库尔勒人，他偷偷告诉我们不要露出着急的样子，要装作有大把多时间磨泡，最后那位小车的车主经不住拖时间，以1500元了事。可也把我们等的将近中午，才急急忙忙开拔，走上青藏公路的109国道。 前方的雪山就是被称为“万山之宗”、“龙脉之祖”，在中华民族文化史上位居中国第一神山的巍巍位昆仑山。 昆仑山口地处昆仑山中段，格尔木市区南160公里处，海拔4767米 昆仑山口记碑分为主碑、副碑、陪碑、雕塑、底盘五部分，材质为汉白玉。主碑高4.767米,是昆仑山口海拔高度的千分之一，碑底座用花岗岩块石砌成9.6平方米基础，象征她屹立在祖国960万平方公里的坚实土地上。 到了昆仑山口就算进入可可西里自然保护区33685915_1272165201yXHH.jpg我们已办好进入保护区的手续，将要由东向西穿越可可西里。 从昆仑山口行驶不到20分钟，就到聊不冻泉保护站 不冻泉保护站海拔3700米，据说这里的泉水常年不停的喷涌而出，即使在寒冷的严冬也从不封冻，因此被称为“不冻泉”。不冻泉被当地藏民视为神泉。在不冻泉有旅馆、商店，还有加油站，可是没有油可 加 整个青藏铁路拉格段难度最大控制工程不冻泉特大桥，全长2.95公里。是目前世界上海拔最高，穿越冻土层最厚，科技含量最高，施工难度最大，空气最稀薄，条件最恶劣的高原特大桥。 昆仑山脉亚洲中部大山系，也是中国西部山系的主干。从东向西绵亘2,000公里(1,250哩)，西起塔吉克的帕米尔，东至昆仑山口和毗邻的青藏诸山脉——布尔汗布达山脉、巴颜喀拉山与阿尼玛卿山。昆仑山宽度变化相当大，很少超过201公里(125哩)。在西部边际，该山形成中国西部西藏高原与塔里木盆地之间的一个内亚壁垒。北部支脉阿尔金山继续延伸这一山脉组合。玉珠峰、玉虚峰传说是玉帝两个妹妹的化身，是明末道教混元派（昆仑派）道场所在地，是中国第一神山。玉珠峰，海拔6178米，位于青海格尔木南160公里的昆仑山口以东10公里，是昆仑山东段最高峰，南坡冰川末端海拔约5100米；北坡冰川延伸至4400米。山峰顶部常年被冰雪所覆盖不冻泉大桥底看到的昆仑山玉珠峰 虽然还在青海境内，可道班却是西藏的道班，不知何故。 可可西里国家级自然保护区管理局共有5个保护站，其中常年有人值守的保护站4个，全部都分布在109国道边。按照距格尔木（管理局所在地）的远近，分别为沱沱河保护站、五道梁保护站、索南达杰保护站和不冻泉保护站。可可西里腹地的卓乃湖保护站由于条件恶劣，每年7、8月藏羚羊产羔期才开始派人值守。索南达杰自然保护站https//www.xxcb.com.cn/show.asp?id=182950 30 这个没有先例的我国第一个民间环保站,是以因保护可可西里野生动物而壮烈牺牲的原治多县委书记杰桑.索南达杰的名字命名的。1994年1月18日,索南达杰被偷猎者打死后,在零下四十度的严寒中被冻成一尊持枪射击的冰雕。他曾经说过“在中国办事如果不死几个人, 是很难引起全社会重视的。如果需要死人,就让我死在最前面。”他生前梦寐以求的, 就是在青藏公路边建一个自然保护站, 从而遏制疯狂的淘金者和偷猎者。 来自四川的探险家, 摄影师杨欣走过这里, 听到索南达杰的呼唤, 便义无反顾地走上了索南达杰的道路。1984年,“绿色江河”发起人杨欣开始关注长江,15次到长江源头地区考察,发现长江源头地区生态问,1995年倡导发起“保护长江源,爱我大自然”活动。1997年在长江源头建立起中国民间第一个自然生态环境保护站——索南达杰自然保护站,同时开展了系列的长江源生态环境考察和环境保护宣传教育活动,启动了民间长江源环境保护运动。 由于索达南杰保护站附近水源的盐碱含量高人不能饮用，他们每隔四五天就要到三十公里之外的不冻泉去拉水。他们日常生活所需的粮食和蔬菜也要到几百公里之外的格尔木去购买。 每个保护站都配备一辆巡逻专用的吉普，主要用以巡线工作。 在索南达杰保护站看到与公路平行的青藏铁路和巍巍昆仑雪山、玉珠峰 就在索南达杰保护站旁边不远处的叉道上进入可可西里腹地。 15时24分满载给养的红色的东风沙漠王给养车正在离开109国道 离开国道不过6分钟，距离不足1000米，青藏公路上的车辆仍然可见，可可西里的道路就给了我们当头一棒。 15时30分给养车陷入泥潭，动弹不得帅帅龙帅发表于 昨天 2017 | 只看该作者 zhangxiaoyun111 发表于 昨天 2025 ゛偝鮑殪鏃灬发表于 昨天 2041 | 浮云519 发表于 昨天 2329手擀面 发表于 17 小时前 |彩鸟飞来 发表于 10 小时前 |bainian88 发表于 8 小时前 |------------------------------------------------------谢谢！给我信心和力量。先吃饭，晚些更新。 这里海拔4500米，挥动铁锹铲泥土可不是一件容易的事，泥土粘在铲上，黏性很大，每铲一铲都要消耗大量的体力，大运动量更易引起高原反应 好不容易将受陷的车轮后面的泥土挖出一个缓坡，铺上带来的备用木板，两部越野车同时拉牵，有如蚍蜉撼树，大车没有反应，加到最大马力，大车还是一动不 动2#车的后梁都拉了变形，还是一点反应没有，可把2#的小卫师傅好个心痛了 得。 只好就地扎营，在这片泥泞潮湿的草滩上搭起加厚大帐篷第一天搭帐篷，都是生手，在几位师傅的指点下，费好大劲才支起。因为帆布夹棉，顶和两侧的大盖非常重，要六人才能支起。前后廉的三角尖处高度较高，也只有1米8几蛋糕才能够得到 。开火弄吃，今晚可是8月15中秋节啊，可不能太过 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廖佳琪后记前置：离开农大林场返回鸟市，需要经过庙尔沟乡。我坐在于杰车靠里的一个涂料桶上，紧靠着后面的包，在坑洼的道路上颠得身体各零件都叮啷响。大多时候都闭着眼，心里没有喜悦，亦无重压忽释的失重感。而是一阵虚无，空荡荡地虚无。遂想起鳌太之行之后的心情，与如今完全不同。沿着前辈们的足迹，历练一番，仅此而已。虽假寐，但思维却是活跃的，第六感如蛛丝般向四面八方延伸开去，触摸那破败却热闹的乡屯，随路边大喇叭里节奏明快的维族手鼓颤抖，体味咿咿呀呀歌声里的别样风情；触及了头屯河滩上那一树树怒燃的金枝，如果让黄叶折换成人的感情流露的话，那么这些杨树必是酒到微醺，胸怀豪迈的大笑；触及了赭色荒坡上的芨芨草、盐生草和垂头丧气的土豆们，它们像路边那个修车工一样，艳阳之下发着怔。触丝继续延伸，心怀怜悯地俯瞰着、抚摸着这支离破碎的天山北麓，这些干涸的台地，残留着乌孙故国的驼桩，栽着汉唐屯边的玉米，哈萨克人的先祖打着呼哨，手执弯刀，呼啸着奔到巴尔喀什湖以西。而斜阳里，张骞执节缓辔，驱万千牛羊，牤牛黑如缎，绵羊白似雪，像云团般滚过千万年冰冷清冽的天山河溪东来，自此，茫茫戈壁、数千里天山，立起高牙大纛，归了汉家版图。闻道寻源使，从天此路回。牵牛去几许？宛马至今来！那是辉煌耀眼如“昆莫”的时代啊！转而马蹄声乱，金戈悲鸣，狼藉的时空碎片反复交织，溅落在天山南北的千沟万壑里，晃动着蒙古人的骁骑，荧惑出波罗尼都的刀锋，兵燹里雪莲开了又败，浓烟中云杉耸入苍穹。这天山年复一年，流淌着清澈若无的乳汁，养得这片天下男子骁勇精干，女子皓齿明眸，瓜果甘甜如醴，牛羊肥壮似膏腴……萦绕……萦绕……无数画面在萦绕，然后一切复归虚无，恰似一枕烂柯。10个人，11天，彳亍奔波，个中滋味，各自胸中翻腾，必有惊涛骇浪之势，但相比身后云颠里的群峰、眼前这雄浑苍凉的五彩台地，恰似白驹过隙，刹那烟火，如达坂间腾起的荒尘般，微不足道。行者如蚁，更辽阔的天地，还在远方。可以直接跳至具体行程的某一天浏览，谢谢D1：24楼D2：91楼D3：119楼D4：168楼D5：287楼D6：315楼D7：521楼D8：605楼D9：665楼D10：729楼D11：774楼 活动总结：托苍天之福，给予了连续11天不冷不暖的良好天气，让我等安全进入，平安撤出。太冷则过河遭罪，宿营遭罪。太暖则融雪加剧、河水加大，不冷不热，实乃天助。暗道一声：侥幸！惭愧！托前人之福，公开了大量的资讯并提供成熟轨迹，让我等追随前辈们的脚印，得以完成，感谢你们的话好几TV。托后方队友、亲人之福，始终给予我们强大的支撑，致谢！本次活动最终成行10人，于9月21日在乌鲁木齐集结，于22日进入白杨沟开始徒步，第5天，登上蒙特开增达坂之后，队员漫步者因急需赶回鸟市，离队加速前进，于9.27日抵达C线终点，辗转巴伦台、和静县城去鸟市与家属汇合。其余9人于第6日翻乌兰达坂转入V线，最终于10.2日中午1330抵达位于昌吉市庙尔沟乡的农大林场。平安顺利地完成了整个穿越。行程概述：9.22，1130 抵达白杨沟大油罐处，开始徒步。1830抵达预定营地扎营；9.23，930拔营，15点抵达白杨沟达坂，1930左右全体抵达预定营地；9.24，920 后队拔营，过河无数，20：00左右抵达库勒阿特腾达坂下的预定营地；9.25，1000 后队开始攀登库勒阿特腾达坂，15：00全部登顶库坂，2030后队抵达D4预定营地；9.26，930 后队拔营出发前往蒙特开增达坂，1550,全部登上蒙塔开增达坂，18点因故提前于规划线路的D5营地扎营，未能抵达目小木屋营地；9.27，910 后队拔营，1230抵达乌兰达坂起点，20点后队翻越夏热达坂抵达牧民家吃羊；9.28，930 后队拔营前往绿湖，18：00后队抵达绿湖；9.29，1000 后队出发，1200,翻越乌拉布图达坂，1530抵达三屯河岔口，决定提前扎营；9.30，1000 后队出发，16点，抵达天格尔达坂脚下，提前扎营；10.1，800 全队拔营，10点前队登上天格尔达坂，后队错路，1510，前队翻越乔楞格尔达坂，1600，前队提前翻过最后一个达坂穿出头屯河谷扎营，后队于20点抵达乔楞格尔原定营地扎营；10.2，1030 集合齐全队拔营，1330抵达农大林场，穿越结束。感谢每一位队友周密的行前功课，明确的分工，多头各负其责。活动中虽在第2、3天因为艰苦的环境出现了行军衔接问，但大家积极配合，及时召开紧急碰头会，开诚布公地分析各自过错和潜在风险，根源上消除了安全隐患，促使后面行程始终顺畅、安全。特别感谢二月二在大家负重最重的前期连续背负主、辅绳达三天之久；特别感谢慢起步自费悉心学习技术装备并对大家进行技术指导、不厌其烦张罗卫星电话等事项。再次致谢！拉练计划列表：8.16-18【中台山-南坨-跑泉厂-北坨-辽道背】两日拉练8.23-25后河-玉渡山-大海陀-小海陀-啤酒溪重装拉练8.30-9.1日 【西灵-东灵-北灵-柏峪】三灵连穿重装拉练9.7-8 七道沟-云蒙山-天仙瀑-四合堂-白河 重装扎营作为一个领队，在下仅能呈显给您一个平淡却平安的行走故事，假如这个故事处处充满血与火的洗礼，刀光剑影荒诞惊心的可怖，拿愚昧当谈资的话……那，要么我是骗子，要么我是傻逼。将头颅拴在裤腰带上的行走时光里却藐视安全至上的铁律，或是大智若愚，或是大于弱智。我曾经傻逼过，以后不会再有。在下行文向来又臭又长，不喜欢的看看图片就可，多谢您的赏光。 感谢TOAKS为本次活动提供钛锅产品，因其良好的产品性能，给团队的行程带来了极大的便利。感谢大河户外长期以来对团队从信息到物资的大力支持。感谢紫魅老总尽管跨行业但仍对我们的户外理想给予深切的关注和大力的支援。感谢因相同理念聚在一起的新老朋友，你们在后方给予我们强大的定力，像狗一般在达坂上喘气的时候，我不得不想起和你们一起撸串的日子，浓厚情谊，有生之年，不可磨灭！ 每个人的运动机能和技能都各不相同，团队，需要的是取长补短，优势互补，任何一个细节的疏忽和失误，都会给整个团队增加意外风险。因此，出发之前就需要像军工厂的安全等级一样把安全警报指数提到5A级别。我们的做法是出发前捋顺清单，将清单提交大家讨论，逐个核实装备的可靠程度。毕竟自己的能力非常有限，没有能力装牛逼深知NB和SB，就是一字之差。成王败寇。自然法则。每个人都根据自己的现有装备状况，在“安全、周全、UL、经济适用”的理念下逐个更新升级，确保自己狗皮包袱里的物件没有多余的，也不会物资短缺。没有能力像8264的诸多资深玩家一样，UL到极致，仅是尽己所能了，出发之前基础装备重量为17505克（包含相机及配件），保温壶灌满水之后增加800克。最终在乌鲁木齐重新打包后幺重，出门前总重22kg。后增加了一公斤葡萄干，到呼图壁之后买了5个馕背着，其实全程仅吃下大半个，其余队友瓜分。到了白杨沟煤矿后，增加了一包红糖。事后证明这包红糖给予我非常大的帮助。每天到营地先烧热水，煮红糖，结合宝矿力粉，然后有一口没一口地慢慢喝，对自身的运动后的身体恢复起到了极其关键的作用。有的人认为运动后急切饮用大量水会造成水中毒，比如浮肿、器官胀痛等等，是有一定道理的。各人身体机能不同，我庆幸自己没有排水这个问，因此大量饮水并没有出现过不适症状。关于户外食品的问，我们是按照各自口味需求分头准备，继续延续单兵装备全套准备的理念，避免出现因意外导致人和装备、食品出现分离的情况。食品在徒步活动中最重要的营养和够热量。这个在队友芽子的鳌太帖子里有相关论述。鳌太——"侥幸"走过，妹子的十一SOLOhttps//bbs.8264.com/thread-1896840-1-1.html关于线路的信息点，可以参考队友海舌的精确纪录天空湛蓝阳光晴朗-记金秋狼C+V的日子（11日行程已更完）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1902972-1-1.html另外，还要追求饱腹感和口感，尤其是我对口感非常挑剔，出发之前，我不断强调了口感良好的食物对精神的抚慰作用。这个观念是来源于大神杨柳松的羌塘穿越，看到他在后期对每一瓣蒜的渴望，对吃糌粑粉的放纵，令人震撼！是的，食品在极度单调的环境下，是内心信念和安全感的很大一部分来源。单糖和多糖、碳水化合物、蛋白质、维生素、纤维素、无机盐，缺一不可。我按照45000卡路里的总值来准备这12天的食品，指导思想是满足大运动量的热量需求，并还有所冗余，以备不时之需。出发之前食品准备按照这些简单的理念来准备，就不会没有头绪，眉毛胡子一把抓，乱七八糟背一大堆冗余的食物，那是要把自己玩残的征兆。绝大部分食品在上图中了。其中士力架搞多了，带了九小块，仅吃了一块。晚餐：肉类准备了12份腊肉，腊肉亚硝酸盐多，并不是理想食材，但优点是好保存。辅材干蘑菇、干木耳、干白菜，主食：14份熟化米；早餐：自己配置的高能粉末，气得咬牙切齿的事情是，炒制过程中收快递，结果糊了，导致每天早餐像吃耗子药；午餐：少量馕，呼图壁买了五个馕背着，结果全程只吃了大半个。路上能源补充依靠大量葡萄干、巴旦木。呼市购买了一公斤葡萄干，实际消耗约400克，第六天留了一半给牧民。剩下的出山竟然还有少量。调剂：儿童钙锌挂面，因为捡了两瓶辣酱，面条奇迹般地好吃，早晚都忍不住煮一点，（面条携带采用脉动瓶装，避免垃圾产生），结局是面条严重紧缺，原本准备了九天量，结果翻过蒙特开增达坂就吃完了。在绿湖又接受了小伙多余的一包面，分了一半给海舌，一直吃到出山。 行前准备：我们的风格一向保守，保守到准备鳌太穿越，愿意花5个月的时间准备。来到世上的鸟，都翻过命中的山——大鳌太完美穿越纪略，反思和行摄https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1782788-1-1.html此行准备中除了拉练体能之外，更多的精力花在了营造“默契”这两个字上，行前会议拟定了大家全都明白的沟通方式，9.21日在乌鲁木齐集结之后，作为技术指导，慢起步再一次召集大家开会，进一步明确卫星电话的使用方法，进一步明确绳索等工具的用法，统一了过河所必须要用到的手语——沟通障碍才是路上最大的恶魔。起初，神创造天地。…… ——有一阵子，我和旅途在群里常用这句话做聊天开场白。（下面这段话并无恶意，请信宗教的朋友多多原谅。）“地是空虚混沌。渊面黑暗。神的灵运行在水面上。”神说，要有小浣熊，就有了小浣熊。神看天山是好的，就把天山分开了。神称东天山那条线，为博格达环线，称中天山那疙瘩，为狼塔。有C线，有V线，这是头一日。………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………起初，大家仅仅是动心狼塔C线的穿越，因为队友们继鳌太之后，需要再次安排假期，并且一请就是8天，这对于任何一个抠抠索索给员工发薪水的老板来说都是罪不可赦的无耻行径。可期盼的假期就是国庆了。因此初步计划了几个假期自由的队友先去尝试一下博格达的徒步线路。谁知道，队友们八仙过海各显小灵通，纷纷施展三寸不烂之干锅鸭舌，神奇滴搞定了假期。我和我的小伙伴们全都惊呆了。啥也别说了，直接C+V吧，这样省心，从拉练到物资准备、行前功课都好协调。博格达只好安排在下次了，也许下次拜访天堂湖的时候吧。端午鳌太学习总结了很多有用的经验，本次行程在鳌太的基础上进一步进行了优化。装备和食品的UL化，是重中之重，深知保护膝关节，呵护自家老腰是未来能走得更远的前提。因此基础装备都在拼命地轻量化。行程规划了11天，加上应急食品，食物需求量是鳌太穿越的2倍；基础装备按照-15°来准备，比起鳌太增加了许多重量，但团队还是规划了一条总体负重红线：20kg。大家就照着这条红线去努力，虽然没有全部做到，但有效地控制了整体负重。在此特别阐明一个观点，那就是无效负重的“蝴蝶效应”。假如你出发前随意往包里多塞了一双50克的袜子，那么你就要在接下来的11天内消耗50克袜子不断爬升下降11个单位日的能量。而产生这些能量的来源是食物，因此你需要多背负11倍50克物体做功消耗的食品，每个人的能量转换效率各不一样，假如你的能量转化率低于平均值，意味着你的食物消耗量更大。更不要忘了，将这些并不需要的食物转化成能量，你需要燃料来烹调，需要水来进行化合作用。要么同时增加燃料背负，要么面临能源危机。而在大运动量的条件之下，因为无效负重产生的多余食物摄入带来的化合作用，将增加人体的器官负荷和代谢压力，影响身体恢复的进度，进一步影响第二天的行走……无效负重过多的行程，就是一出悲剧。你不是旅途，你不会持续制造查克拉。 20日到了鸟市，闲得无聊，各种美食都要尝试一番，一顿乱吃 公园北街是个让人一下就喜欢上的地方。20日提前到了鸟市，直接住这儿，是二爷去年走狼C住过的地方，14日漫步就借着考察西北市场的口号提前到了，随后在新疆户外群得到了热情的新疆朋友们周到接待，对于这么个不会吃的主儿却被带着吃各种好吃的，叫我这样的伙夫怎么平心静气地再憋下去？然后老头还隔三差五打个电话向我描述公园北街如何如何好，直接把我一张硬座票忽悠成经济舱机票，这不今天刚收到还款通知，我准备拿行程单找他报去。小陈妞推荐了《我的阿勒泰》，我一口气扫了一大半，囫囵吞枣。毋庸置疑，仅在乌鲁木齐小摊撸过串的人就谈对该地的了解，诚为世人所笑，但因为李娟的文字，让我意会了许多大美新疆所具有的的本质气息。她的文字，像柴耙子，把短短的新疆之行所接触的繁复信息梳理得妥妥的。我总算意识到，生活在这片土地上的人们，不论民族、年岁，有许多物产丰饶的内地人们所不具有的东西。在其书中有个滴水泉的故事，“她们在走投无路的时候，说，我们去滴水泉吧。”是的，这片土地养人，接纳人。21日早七点，天色昏暗，睡得正香，听到窗外人声鼎沸，疑似做梦，爬起来拉开窗帘一看，秒懂。心中一阵狂喜，老头果然没有骗我。这早市是天天有啊！立即穿衣服下楼，导致当天忘记洗脸。一个人就顺着不长的街道来来回回走了好几遍，看一切都新鲜。上好的辣子、茴香、大料、孜然，一袋又一袋，摆得整整齐齐，土豆白菜西红柿，堆积如山。新疆久负盛名的各种各样的葡萄、瓜果被码放在三轮车上，红紫晶莹。吃穿住用，一条街全齐活，各色人等来来往往，热闹非凡。坐在小摊上大口啃着刚炸出来的大油条，热乎的豆浆，听身边的老头老太，絮叨儿女的鸡毛蒜皮，四十年前那些琐碎的旧事……回来后一遍又一遍地重温那记忆里闪现的一个个表情，那是本地人最真实的最平凡的一面，这个城市或者说这片土地，没有多少祖祖辈辈都定居于此的世系家族，牧民习惯逐水草而迁徙，汉人在历史长河里一直在这里轮值，在某个宅院里能翻出万历五年的族谱，几乎是不可能的。人和土地形成的是不断变动的关系，天上的云是变动的，戈壁和沙漠也是变动的，这必将影响人群的性格。一个未曾在那片土地上居住过的人写新疆，必定是浮浅造作的，而李娟不同，能够在本土和客居之间平滑切换，刻画出许多新疆本土鲜活的脸孔。这些脸孔是恬淡的、安逸的、爽利的、充满智慧的。心像天山般轮廓分明，像戈壁一样辽阔。而我，能在这些公园北街赶早市的人群中，看到她描述的浓浓的乡情的影子。这里不是我的故乡，但她将我对有关故乡的记忆全部点燃。在乡村，乡土历史是由五日一集所组成的。赶集，就是乡土全员参与的社会编年史。。公园北街，是个接地气的地方。这一切对于一个南蛮子来说，深入内心。 关于垃圾处理：坚决执行LNT原则。垃圾处理是个很敏感的话，处理好自己的垃圾是每一个人必担的责任。我记得风版就此讨论时猛虎大哥说了一句话，为什么会有垃圾？这是句一语惊醒梦中人的真知灼见。是的，与其焦头烂额琢磨怎么处理自身产生的垃圾问，不如在出发前尽可能减少垃圾的产生。出发之前预想了垃圾的处理方式，10个人11天的垃圾产生数量会比较大，焚烧是很不环保的处理方式，是简单粗暴的处理模式。尤其是塑料等焚烧，会产生二噁英等强致癌物质。又想要采用焚烧的模式处理，又想要尽可能地降低对环境的冲击，必须寻找一个折中。我们要求队友尽可能地集约化包装，杜绝笨重、多余、不好处理的塑料包装袋。纸巾虽然可以降解，但白色污染也十分难看，我们要求严格按照11天的最低使用张数携带。湿纸巾我是按照一天使用3片来准备的，全部外包装去除，用风扇吹干，用一个小密封袋包装。——湿纸巾那点消毒作用只能骗自己，不用也罢。如要携带鸡蛋则打入一个脉动瓶里，密封保鲜。挂面也按需求装入脉动瓶内，密封、防水、利于打包。总之，集约化包装概念一直在贯彻。这使得整体垃圾产生量非常小，尽可能地降低了对环境的冲击。气罐，自己携带的气罐全部背出山。并且因为路上捡了前人留下的残罐，使用完之后也全部穿刺、砸扁一并背出山。小静笑得是发自肺腑的开心，很明显，在乌市，她觅食总算成了一件轻松的事情，有这么多的选择余地，又对自己口味，简直是掉进了蜜罐里，换着花样吃。午餐坚决大盘鸡了，晚餐换个花样，中盘鸡！吃得心满意足，话说，你们真的是来爬山的吗……………………………………………………小静是个有追求的人，为了给本次活动增加强度，锻炼自己，愉悦心灵，出发之前几天，不小心把一锅滚烫的水倒自己大腿上了，当时蹦起来两米多高。我在整个拉练过程中最不能承受的就是队友受伤，受任何伤。如今她的腿遭遇烫伤，让我们的心猛地一沉，烫伤恢复慢，对营养、休息、维生素等要求较高，狼塔恶劣的环境下加上过河的低温刺激，恐怕不那么容易好了。这消息真令人忐忑不安。所幸，是表皮烫伤，经过医生治疗和几天时间的恢复，最终在胶布的保护下，不再影响行动了，这才让大家心里放松一点。伤病，安全起见是要退出活动的。具体会发展到什么程度呢？一旦出发，就需要到白杨沟达坂之前再来进行客观评估了。如果依靠团队的协调能搞掂的，尽可能不退出活动。准备这么久，帮助队友在确保人身安全的前提下实现梦想是一个团队应有的原则。 D1：9.22，1130 抵达白杨沟大油罐处，开始徒步。1830抵达预定营地扎营；平稳顺滑的热身之路，峡谷时而大放时而紧收，给初来乍到的我们好好地上着入门课，大家顺利地适应了地形、光照、水温、路况等等。 蝴蝶飞不过沧海。随缘飞不过餐馆。小缘子只有在端着碗的时候，内心是澄澈通明的，一花一世界，一碗一菩提，三碗是开悟，五碗纳须弥。 辽阔的世界，遥远的雪山和五彩的山地，这些五花肉一般的台地之内，往往藏着丰饶的宝藏。对陌生的地貌，着迷 想到要躲进深山了，联合国的事不用管了，白宫的文件不用了，阿拉伯国家联盟的烂事不用协调了，慢起步桑一脸贼拉得意，递个三弦就能唱一曲了十一点半，内地时间上午九点半，抵达徒步的起点，传统上，大都从这开始迈出狼C的步伐。作为不喜欢拍合影的队伍，这次是拍合影较多的一次。 看着队友一步步走进云山深处的感觉真好，神秘主义思想笼罩了我全身。 行走在光栅里，让时间有着强烈的递减感。好好行走吧，好好逍遥吧，每一步都是在人世间最后的倘佯 前人用云杉树干搭的简易桥，落到我们手里时，上面因流水而结满了冰，我用杖尖慢慢地把冰都捅掉了，大家顺利通过。 漫步总是嬉皮笑脸地几步就嗖嗖地过了河，装了弹射器似的。 朝圣之路 纬度高、地势和空气通透，造就了每天早上出发后的独特现象，阳光总是从南坡的上方斜射下来，由于和坡面夹角较小，故，阴影很重，对于喜欢拍照的人来说如获至宝。因为它提供了层次细腻，对比强烈的的画面。你不仔细观察，那么这些石头和草就是缺乏生气的。 ([
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金喜火新马十一天旅程安排····················2月1日-4日：新加坡 Day 1：总统府-乌节路 Day 2：牛车水-滨海花园-小印度 Day 3：圣淘沙-环球影视城-滨海花园夜景-金沙酒店 Day 4：City hall 周边走了一圈，逛遍了各种景点····2月5日-7日：槟城 Day 1：丹武绒雅海滩 Day 2George Town Day 3：姓氏桥-姐弟共骑-各种瞎逛2月8日-9日：马六甲 Day 1：鸡场街 Day 2：海滩-马六甲基督教堂-荷兰红屋-红屋广场2月10日：吉隆坡-双子塔2月11日：新加坡-逛各种巴刹去找榴莲吃··· 机票花费：6500左右 （本来两人全程所有机票只是花费4K多而已，但是某一只的狮城证被拒，导致不得不重新给他买往返大马的机票，再加上他老妈大马境内和往返狮城的机票，于是乎，就多出了两K多）新加坡花费：无··········马来西亚花费（三人）：4000RMB生活费 +2400RMB住宿费（在吉隆坡奢侈了一小把，酒店对面就可以看到双子塔，步行过去也只是5分钟，但正好碰到促销，两间房的房价才1K多，含税） 腾讯微博：离洛洛新浪微博：离洛洛_Joyce粉我吧，粉我吧，粉我吧···········我走过你曾熟悉得风景，却爱上了别人的意外，是你成全了别人，还是我厌倦了回忆·······远行使对自我的放逐，还是去遥远陌生的地方遇见一个全新的自己？因为喜欢《初恋红豆冰》这部电影，才选择去槟城。提一袋红豆冰，执子之手，漫步在落日余晖下，细细去感受老城的浪漫与温情········只是后来，为了红豆冰而去，却爱上了煎蕊而回···各位看客们，请一定要听听这首歌·······感受我所感受过的美好··········"初恋像一袋红豆冰，转眼便溶掉，能回味的，是藏在心里略带轻涩的甜。" https//www.tudou.com/programs/view/JcEhL8LVbYY/ 关于新加坡的印象二三事新加坡很干净，但是不像广州或者香港这种大城市里，CBD地区的那种钢筋水泥，坚硬冰冷的干净，新加坡的干净是一种风淡云轻的干净，并且有一种舒心的整洁；五天，说长不长，但是由于有本地人作陪，我这五天里在新加坡的行程是即充实，也闲散；除了走各种知名景点以外，不知名的小巷子和菜市场（我们这叫菜市场，新加坡叫巴刹）也走了不少，而即便是这些容易藏污纳垢的场所也是干净清爽的，并不会有积水或者是随处堆积的垃圾，更不会有乱摆乱放了。当然这种干净是离不开新加坡人对干净环境的维护和新加坡政府的高压政策。新加坡没有什么养老啊，退休之类的概念，相反，新加坡政府是鼓励老人出来工作的。据说，一来是可以避免老年痴呆症，二来还可以减轻家庭负担，三则新加坡是个小国家，劳动力严重不足，尤其是在一些靠手工劳动的行业里，本地人有地域优越感，大多不愿意干，只能倚靠外劳，而外劳的人数是有限制的，如果老人们愿意“重出江湖”，相对来说会减轻政府用工荒的压力。 所以在巴刹或者是餐厅里的工作者大多数都是老阿姨老叔叔们，当然其他很多行业里面也有很多大年纪的工作者；新加坡的消费对于在当地工作生活的人来说是不高的；就拿一个在巴刹做清洁的阿姨来说，薪水最低也是1500新币往上走，相当于人民币7500左右，在新这算是低收入人群。通常我们在巴刹吃饭，七八种食物，外加饮品，也不过是在30-40新币左右（人民币150-200），我们这种吃法算是奢侈的，主要是为了饱我的口服，各种菜式都尝尝。如果说正常吃饭，一个人通常是一两碟食物加一杯水，通常不会超过10新币。个人日常用品也是想当的便宜，只有我们这边的百分之五六十左右的价格，所以姐回国的时候拖了满满一箱的各种洗漱冲凉化妆用品····相当无敌······再来说说新加坡的房价，想当羡慕嫉妒恨，说多了都是泪啊······为毛我们天广地阔的天朝的房价都是飞天的节奏呢？一个包,一台相机,一双拖鞋,11天,走了两个国家,四个城市。。。大年初一！！！意味着又要出远门了！！！整装待发·············1月31日：深圳-新加坡 （机票1350元）（话说有个空少超帅的，但也超娘炮，我有点怀疑我是不是上到去泰国的飞机了。。。。）上飞机后，空少/空姐会拿一张白条给有需要入境的游客填写，也就是填写最基本的信息····在新加坡没有吃、住、行的花费··········住在男朋友的姑姑家里，吃的全包了，出行伯伯驾车····陪着我这个暴走疯子没日没夜的穿梭在狮城的大街小巷······还得为我去找各种小吃·····好多的红包啊····我们的Ipad就是用红包买的······嘻嘻·········狮城真心热啊····都快把我晒瘦了········ 新加坡总统府名为Istana，在马来语中是皇宫的之意，迄今已有140年历史，其前身曾经是英殖民期间修建的一座白色三层官邸。戒备森严的新加坡总统府汇集了多种建筑风格，四周有雕刻精美的珠子，极富古典韵味。Tips：每年的年初二会对公众开放········总统府内绿化非常漂亮 总统府内的大炮台·········牛车水是新加坡的唐人街，是华族祖先飘洋过海来到新加坡，自1821年逐渐形成的聚居地。当时的人们乘着从中国福建厦门南下的第一艘平底中国帆船抵达新加坡后，就在新加坡河以南一带（也就是现在的直落亚逸街）定居。由于在那儿的每家每户都得拉牛车到安祥山的史必灵路取水，久而久之，这里就被称为牛车水了。牛车水最令人兴奋的时候莫过于农历新年期间。届时，整个地区张灯结彩，各家店铺都装饰一新，还有不少节日商品和风味小吃。([]
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